Wednesday 20 December 2017

Personal points on understanding Catalonia for likeminded fogeys in the traddosphere and Anglosphere

Personal irreverent points on understanding Catalonia for likeminded fogeys in the Traddosphere and Anglosphere - under construction 
Resultado de imagen de roman iberia map                                                                 
caption3rd century BC Rome conquers and colonizes
 and romanizes Iberia  for 250 years  centuries. BC.
Iberia remains Roman until the fifth century AD
File:Iberia Europe satfoto 2014067.jpg
Description
English: Rarely do weather patterns and satellite overpass schedules align to provide cloud-free views of Western Europe in the spring. However, a high-pressure pattern kept skies spectacularly clear over the Iberian Peninsula and east into France and Germany as the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Terra satellite passed over on March 8, 2014. The cloud-free area began to emerge on March 5 and persisted through March 11. Explore Worldview—a near-real time browser from the MODIS Rapid Response Team—to see a wider view and how the cloud-free area changed over time. This unobstructed view of Spain, Portugal, Andorra, and southern France exposed a variety of natural features. Meseta Central, the broad mountainous plateau at the center of the Iberian Peninsula, appears brown compared to the greener coastal lowlands to the west. Near the center of the image, the snow-capped Pyrenees Mountains serve as a natural barrier between France and Spain. The Cantabrian Mountains, another range in northern Spain, are visible to the west of the Pyrenees. The snow-covered areas to the north are the highlands of France’s Massif Centra
AuthorNASA/ Jeff Schmaltz, LANCE/EOSDIS MODIS Rapid Response Team at NASA GSFC
l.https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Linguistic_map_Southwestern_Europe.gif/360px-Linguistic_map_Southwestern_Europe.gif

Arabic is arabic. Mozarabic means either the  dimmi christians under moslem rule in Spain or their romance dialects or their different latin liturgy . Except Basque ,ALLthe languaguages on the map are romance dialects , from Latin with originally much fluider origens and continual changes at every river or whatever from lisbon to the Rhine, from Cologne to Rome. Many do not follow political boundaries all that much.







To understand the background ,you do really need to go back to the key differentiating point, the "reconquista", for all that it finished 500 years ago. 
What's that ? 
The Iberian peninsula , run after the Romans by a Germanic people known as Visigoths was completely conquered by Arabic and Berber muslims early in the VIIIth century A.D.
The Visigiths kingdom, based in Toledo, was utterly smashed.
but
 There were Resisters/Rebels. Their winning it all back is called the "reconquista", the REconquering. Altogether it took nearly 8 mostly bloody centuries. See below.

Try Wikipedia in Spanish on Covadonga for starters .Back to that in a moment . Meanwhile even with no sound  the following are helpful ,if partial, with significant  gaps : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v5lDYDPg2IA,


Modern Spain  consists of 17 autonomous regions , with varying degrees of localist and nationalist feelings , with or without extra languages  and dialects , and different social cultural and legal traditions (let alone they all have acute and expensive  Clochemerle-Babylonitis,) comparable in number to preunification Italy and Germany ,where the British Isles have always had ….. hmmm say five , with England the biggie.

Resultado de imagen de modern political map of spain and portugal Spain hasn’t got a biggie.
Andalusia 8 1/2millions ,
Catalonia 7 1/2 million, 
Madrid region 6 1/2 million
Valencia* kingdom/region 5 millions
Balearics* (ie Majorca, Minorca, & Ibiza) about 1million plus (Spaniards) and / may include hundreds of thousands of yearround Germans  
Aragon++ about 1 1/4million
Etc to a sum total of 45+ odd million , that is Catalonia is 1 Spaniard in every six 
(++*Valencia and the Balearics have a romance dialect  halfcognate with, half derived from Catalan- Catalonia was the principal and first  subcomponent of the kingdom of Aragon - Valencia and the Balerics were later components of  Aragon's constitutional monarchy . even all together they would still be a minority, though far more viable , within Spain. None of them nowadays are very keen on the idea.)

One of all local nationalist groups in Spain's tiresome habits ,which the Catalan nationalists  share  ,is saying 

"US vs Spain "

- Spain being  a varying  compendium of the 16 other  chunks !

which for the others  such as the Basques includes Catalans (and Catalan's general but separate drift companions : Valencians ,the Balearics ( and culturally and linguistically Andorra and a couple of  chunks of what has been France for the last odd century or so) 
for  
they all always were different from each other, 
started that way  ,
 some were/are more diffffffffferent than others, 

ALL are NOW in fact MORE similar to each other than ever, ever , before 
 and 
more of their populations intermingled than ever ; including sharing comitting suicide by lack of children and relying both on  somewhat integratable Spanishspeaking immigration from South America , rapidly integrated from Eastern Europe, varfiable fromsubsaharan Africa,  and also immigration from Moslem  Morroco. 
As Mark Steyn frequently points out  today’s primary school intake is not a prediction of the future..... it's a snapshot of it, in fifteen  years time. 
In fifty the locals are going to be a rumour, like Picts.
Independance for any of Spain from the rest looks like a futile one- generation only exercise.



The rest of Spain and Portugal's Reconquest
When early in the 8th century a  Moslem Arab-Berber army, loyal to the Calif thousands of miles away ,  completely  overran this peninsula ,they were a tiny minority.
But On top.
However 
 As more and more was gradually reconquered
3 steps forward two steps back 
 later and later 
century by century  
it was the Christians who began to be found to be an ever smaller minority .  
Each bit of what is now Spain or Portugal  was /is 
either
 one of the starting points of reconquest 
 or 
had some original characteristics combined with  some from which chunk or chunks  had reconquered it and wholly or partially repopulated it.  
Except Catalonia
It was very early reconquest, VIIIth century, a liberation  from the invader for the local Christians.
BUT reconquered from the Moors  by  FRANCE
not from local initiative and...... see below


To go back to the key differentiating point, the “reconquista”, for all that it finished 500 years ago.
What was that ?

The Iberian peninsula , part of the Roman empire for four centuries in the North and seven centuries on the Med was run after the Romans by a Germanic people known as Visigoths . It’s important to note that unlike the Angles Saxons and Jutes in Britain they were Christians and fairly civilized, and replaced Roman rule at the top rather than replacing the locals.
They were hit by the “tusanami” coming out of Mecca.
Through Palestine , through Egypt, all along north Africa, year by year , fight, win, mop up, settle, and move along , all too soon invading the Iberian peninsula from what is now Morroco , the west, or Magreb, once that had itself been conquered and settled and its locals converted to Islam or killed.
Early in the VIIIth century A.D. in the twinkling of an eye almost, the peninsula was overrun, (even a small area the other side of the Pyrenees on the Mediterranean) . The Visigoths’ kingdom, based in Toledo, was utterly and irrevocably smashed by Arab and Berber armies loyal to the Calif thousands of miles away.. Their victories were overwhelming , their looting tremendous , and such Christian statues etc as survived, some to be found later like our lady of guadalupe or our lady of Almudena in Madrid , were well hidden and usually buried.
There might have been little to say if there had been the same treatment as for Morroco ; but Arab strategy was to have areas with Dhimmis as cash cows interpersed with 100% Moslem areas, replicas of the Arabian peninsula, so as not to be caught out, and have reserves of warriors and support if need be. The Magreb was the staging area for Iberia , where many separated large populations and towns and Christian areas with treaties were left as taxpaying subjects,
but
there were initially very very few Resisters/Rebels. Subject Christian counts paying tribute (and secretly biding their time?) a few more.Their winning it all back is called the “reconquista”, the REconquering. Altogether it took nearly 8 mostly bloody centuries to recover what had been a walkover of months rather than decades.


Go back to Covadonga.  
Ten or so  years after the Moslem invasion. A bedraggled and very hungry  band  a few hundred strong at most led by the third son of the  fifth head of the stables  at the Royal Visgothic court at Toledo  when there had been a court to be at ,whatever, something like that ,( and formally  it boots not , with the Visigoths' tradition  having an elected monarchy among a surprisingly large number of candidates,  he and his men were the last men standing, they elected him, Pelayo by name, boy nobody, head of  the last dregs of brigands  one or two  valleys  ahead of whover was after them ) of  the overwhelmingly and crushingly   defeated Visigothic  kings and nobility  of the peninsula , this lad and his lads , then , little after electing him chief in theory of the visgothic kingdom , won a decisive battle , Covadonga . in the mountains in the Asturias . against (possibly a few hundreds, )probably tens of thousands of invaders.  (Local knowledge certainly helped.)

 Very closely afterwards we find Our Lady( of Covadonga) was given the credit.

You can scrub the faith right  out of it. Its very easy to try . Everybody does. They were Christians , like us , like me, meaning sinful sweaty bloodthirsty  and often utterly contemptible, lustful, and selfish . and being Spaniards, all on a dramatic scale.
But
how come  something like the whole    northern third of Spain ,continually  mountainous and harder to subdue , mountainous but poorer, colder, and wetter ,  kicked out their Arab governers and their retinues . or broke off their subject and tributary status  ,and joined up  or joined in ?

 Ok let’s be secular :  a few years of sharia was perhaps  enough to have turned politically tepid Christians, the 95% without Visgothic blood,  right off the illusion as to one lot of rulers being much like another . If we want to say they shared the memory of the same Visgothic kingdom , the same inheritance from Rome  and the same religion which is like any other religion only worse , we are saying what today’s cleverdick historians in essence  DO  say in reasonablesounding learned tomes with breakouts of fotnoteitis. 

Meself I think those sweaty bloody selfish sinful men DID have something the invaders didn’t have, and what good is political  unity without it? 

(The European union, in its political refoundation , chose to erase mention of Christianity, which is when they lost me.)

 From these eighth  century beginnings to the end of the 15th century in fits and starts and great reverses ramshackle coalitions of very imperfect ,scandalously quarrelsome and backstabbing , ambitious, and poorer  Christian kingdoms and principalities,  counts , peoples, and even entrepreneurial warband leaders like” El Cid “ ( Charlton Heston for film buffs)  gradually reconquered the whole of the richer rest of the Iberian peninsula – seven centuries for what had fallen in months. 

(It hasn’t happened anywhere else , it irks those of them who are irkable, and they badly want it all back.)

A generation or so  after Pelayo his Asturian kingdom moved the capital for the third or fourth time into harm’s way  in the valley  leading from the main invasion route and easiest mountain pass, Oviedo. The Asturian Kingdom (or confederation ? or loose aggregate mess?) was small on the ground but had big ideas. They talked one to one with Charlemagne . They raided.but  could not hold, Moorish Lisbon. They assembled a sort  of government in exile  of bishops from all over the moslem occupied peninsula, especially  from twixt the Douro and the Tagus. ( as a way of  proclaiming their continuity with Toledo? ). Better not spit in the street , you might hit a Bishop. 
Their architecture is small and lowbudget, very, compared to the Pharaonic  world class scale of Cordoba, but included baths and cute details.

(The Talibanstyle Marxist newmenmaking in 1934 in Oviedo burnt  documents, lots, all of them,  from this period , not before some investigation of things like stabling bills and such revealed that  the Asturian army, at very least linguistically ,had three wings : Two  wings , one each  for each of thet wo romance dialects (and societies ) Gallego and Asturian , and a Basque wing. Corresponding to a polity from the Basques of the bay of Biscay  Pyrenees, (and however far along the pyrenees  towards the med )( linguistic pockets all the way  existed )in the East to the Gallegos on the Atlantic on the West .

But 
repeat
Cataluña was of the eighth century  (one of the very  very earliest ) reconquests and rallying points of local Christians as a defensive marcher county ,

but NOT  a local effort originally 

 howsoever full of locals and locally supported, but rather founded by Charlemange, centred on Barcelona , 
done from France 
to protect the Carolinian empire – and Christendom . 
(I suspect for Charlemagne  the two were not  interchangeable concepts and not separable concepts either. my opinion.  )
The name however IS the same as Castile : Castleland. 
And for the same reason : 
you had to be ready to fight at a moments notice… this required strong defensive points. Lots of them. Everywhere.
It was is and remains  a historical example of  following of a written moslem admonition that the default Moslem relationship with nonmoslems is war – truces are to be limited to periods of moslem weakness.  

(The Vikings had a few remarkable successes in Moslem and Christian parts of Spain far from the frontiers  - mostly they got hacked to pieces by the locals in half an hour as a routine bit of business.)

If the reconquest had followed this original and then amicable division, or the Castillian and Aragonese crowns never joined , there would  probably be a mirror image of today, a country , Castili-Portugal ?  going from halfway up the pyrenees to the atlantic , called whatever , and along the med north  to nearly Alicante, and another , Aragon including kernel Aragon , Cataluña  , long  an Aragonese county/ principality ,Valencia ( reconquered )the Balearics (Reconquered) transpyrenean Cataluna (nobbled by Napoleon), Catalonia being its powerhouse and its new York if you like.Primus inter pares.

Didn’t happen that way.

But Catalonian self awareness both genuinely , and falsely  , lives in a selfpromoted mental fog  which starts HERE  year seven hundred and whatever ,  
in history follows thru with its local self government as part of  greater Aragon,  
 and makes their culture,
provençal  culture,
 stomped on  and uprooted in France( first with the Cathars’ removal and later with revolutionary and republican discrimination 
(– they are right that their culture’s boundaries have shrunk , their language is under threat, etc) , 

the prefall Eden of Europe and them its last , best and only legitimate heirs, a light to the surrounding and adoring rough primitive abos.  

We may also note:



Resultado de imagen de roman iberia map
 caption:  Early 10th century  : mainly basque Navarre  had been   the father of  historically partly basque
 mountain Aragon ,  around Jaca in the pyrenees  clearing away  the relatively few  Moslems garrisoning the area .
It was also to some degree the father of partly Basque and bilingual  Basque  and romance  speaking Castile , the reconquered area around Burgos . both separated out into separate independant kingdoms in the 11th century when King Sancho of Navarre , Master of christian iberia who had taken over from Galicia to languedoc. At his death divvied up his kingdoms amongst his sons.










Just because in contrast to much of Spain ,
they usually go to bed early,
 work very very hard if not necessarily very efficiently , 
prize “seny ” supposedly “common sense” , 
and consider savings and pensions from about 16 years old, 
have a centuries old history of supressed self government

does not mean  
that particularly those over about 50  do not share a default condition with other Spaniards  when exited or  under stress 
of going  stark staring bonkers.

Spain including Catalonia has a rich fascinating and bloody history  up to the present day.(Brennan’s book was called "the Spanish labyrinth" for good reason)

There is fuel for plenty of local pride, resentment, grudges, and glory. For everybody. 

Most have lost the Catholic faith in great part over a few  recent years every bit as much as France Italy or Ireland. 
What is endearing dottiness in a Christian context is frightening in a pagan one of hating with your mind. 
 Revering Bonnie Prince Charlie is one thing , pigmouthed nationalsocialist marxistoid thugs hiding behind enforced conformist tartanism another. Or equivalents.

There has just recently been  in Catalan nationalism a reckless kick-over-the-applecart  characteristic  of forging ahead , blow the constitution , blow everybody else .
 with a referendum with in any case no minimum on participation and mandating independence in the specific form of Republic should the yes vote be the majority howsoever qualified of votes cast. I don't understand it because I don't want to understand it. I dislike thinking badly of any of a superb people.

Other considerations aside the precedents for other parts of Spain would be dreadful. 
Republics in Spain  have twice been touted as panaceas, twice been a recipe for bloody tyranny mass murder and mayhem, not that they had the monopoly on any of those. 

I dislike the mindset this reveals : 
They  are to achieve a however under whelmingly supported rupture by pushing the envelope in many politically correct leftie ways  
betting that other Spaniards, 
like other  British Islesers vis a vis the Irish  in the 19 twenties  
will not like killing their  fellowcountrymen brothers and cousins in any quantity for very long , whereas bloodshed causes the localist nationalists , in fact if not in theory, not a moments’ pause. 

Whether they will/would  be worse enemies of God’s church than they already are with the very extensive  local autonomy they already control I do not know and cannot guess. 

Their nationalists' othering of the rest of Spain in the press education and radio and TV since 1975 has been petty and ugly. Independence would sate payback?




A different version unfully integrated as yet 
Most of the the following is my synthesis for Englishspeakers for other purposes:
To go back to the key differentiating point, the “reconquista”, for all that it finished 500 years ago.
What’s was that ?
The Iberian peninsula , part of the Roman empire for four centuries in the North and seven centuries on the Med was run after the Romans by a Germanic people known as Visigoths . It’s important to note that unlike the Angles Saxons and Jutes in Britain they were Christians and fairly civilized, and replaced Roman rule at the top rather than replacing the locals.
They were hit by the “tusanami” coming out of Mecca.
Through Palestine , through Egypt, all along north Africa, year by year , fight, win, mop up, settle, and move along , all too soon invading the Iberian peninsula from what is now Morroco , the west, or Magreb, once that had itself been conquered and settled and its locals converted to Islam or killed.
Early in the VIIIth century A.D. in the twinkling of an eye almost, the peninsula was overrun, (even a small area the other side of the Pyrenees on the Mediterranean) . The Visigoths’ kingdom, based in Toledo, was utterly and irrevocably smashed by Arab and Berber armies loyal to the Calif thousands of miles away.. Their victories were overwhelming , their looting tremendous , and such Christian statues etc as survived, some to be found later like our lady of guadalupe or our lady of Almudena in Madrid , were well hidden and usually buried.
There might have been little to say if there had been the same treatment as for Morroco ; but Arab strategy was to have areas with Dhimmis as cash cows interpersed with 100% Moslem areas, replicas of the Arabian peninsula, so as not to be caught out, and have reserves of warriors and support if need be. The Magreb was the staging area for Iberia , where many separated large populations and towns and Christian areas with treaties were left as taxpaying subjects,
but
there were initially very very few Resisters/Rebels. Subject Christian counts paying tribute (and secretly biding their time?) a few more.Their winning it all back is called the “reconquista”, the REconquering. Altogether it took nearly 8 mostly bloody centuries to recover what had been a walkover of months rather than decades.
Try Wikipedia in Spanish on “Covadonga “for starters . last time I looked it was much completer than more politically correct English. ..
Also to be born in mind , comparing the situation in 722 or so to 1212 is that when the Arab and Berber Moslems completely overran this peninsula ,they were , everywhere a tiny minority.
But On Top.Completely in control.The masters.
However
As more and more was gradually reconquered, three steps forward two steps back , later and later ,century by century , it was the Christians who began to be found to be an ever smaller relative numbers , even a minority .
(BTW Each bit of what is now Spain or Portugal was /is either one of the starting points of reconquest or had some original characteristics combined with some from which chunk or chunks had reconquered it and wholly or partially repopulated it. )
So Covadonga.
The very name comes from the latin for “Cave of our Lady”
Try to imagine ,to not know the future of the guys involved, to not have the benefit of hindsight,
Ten or so years after the Moslem invasion. A bedraggled and very hungry band a few hundred strong at most led by the third son of the fifth head of the stables at the Royal Visgothic court at Toledo when there had been a court to be at ,whatever, something like that ,( and formally it boots not , with the Visigoths’ tradition of having an elected monarchy among a surprisingly large number of possible candidates, he and his men were the last men standing, they elected him, Pelayo by name, boy nobody, head of the last dregs, more like brigands than soldiers one or two valleys ahead of whover was after them ) of the overwhelmingly and crushingly defeated Visigothic kings and nobility of the peninsula , this lad and his lads , then , little after electing him chief ,in theory, of the Visgothic kingdom , won a decisive battle , Covadonga . in the mountains in the Asturias . against (possibly a few hundreds, )probably tens of thousands of invaders. (Local knowledge certainly helped. The cave itself played a part in some accounts.)
Very closely afterwards we find Our Lady( of Covadonga) was given the credit.Some time before the battle at the entrance to a high flat valley with no other way out ,Pelayo , later accounts said ,had chased a wrong ‘un of some sort , stolen a leg of mutton or something, whatevs, into the cave and met our Lady who told him to give over looking at his bellybutton and his temper, repent, be a Christian, and man up to the job God was giving him. There’s an altar since then in that mountain cave , you can visit , and the Kings of Asturias(ie 95% of free christian Iberia under and after Pelayo ) are mostly interred there.
Moderns are sceptical, it’s all post facto later propagandizing. Miracles don’t happen etc.
You can scrub the faith right out of it. Its very easy to try . Everybody does. They were Christians , like us , like me, meaning sinful sweaty bloodthirsty and often utterly contemptible, lustful, and selfish . and (being Spaniards,) all on a dramatic scale.
But
how come something like the whole northern third of Iberia ,continually mountainous and harder to subdue true, restive by tradition , true, mountainous but poorer, colder, and wetter , thoroughly and convincingly conquered , suddenly kicked out their Arab governers and their retinues . or broke off their subject and tributary status ,and risked their necks joining up or joining in ? Coz the same lad and his band of stubborn nevergivein neerdowells who weeks before noone had wanted to know or help much beyond a coupla sheep on the sly and please dont stay here, had struck lucky with a few Arab soldiers been tricked into walking off a cliff in the mist ?
Really?
As a sceptic I find Our Lady’s help more convincing. I dont think holy mother church has ever universally said much as to details.
Ok let’s be secular and cynical : a few years of sharia and jizzia was perhaps enough to have turned politically tepid Christians, the 95% without Visgothic blood, right off the illusion as to one lot of rulers being much like another . If we want to say they shared the memory of the same Visgothic kingdom , the same inheritance from Rome and the same religion which is like any other religion only worse , we are saying what today’s cleverdick historians in essence DO say in reasonablesounding learned tomes with breakouts of footnoteitis. It’s all explained or explained away.
Meself I think those sweaty bloody selfish sinful men DID have something the invaders didn’t have, and what good is political unity without it? ( personal moan: the European union, in its political refoundation , chose to erase mention of Christianity, which is when they lost me.)
From these eighth century beginnings to the end of the 15th century in fits and starts and great reverses ramshackle coalitions of very imperfect ,scandalously quarrelsome and backstabbing , ambitious, and poorer Christian kingdoms and principalities, counts , peoples, and even entrepreneurial warband leaders like” El Cid “ ( Charlton Heston for film buffs) gradually reconquered the whole of the richer rest of the Iberian peninsula, which could have all the rest of Islam, especially the Magreb,as reinforcements – seven centuries for what had fallen in months. Repeated bloodshed for just about every foot of the way. On or near the frontier you had to be ready to fight at a moment’s notice…. this also required strong defensive points. Lots of them. Everywhere. Castles , hence the name of Castile.
Another note: It was is and remains , especially with Grenada , a historical example of following of a written Moslem admonition that the default Moslem relationship with nonMoslems is war – truces are to be limited to periods of Moslem weakness. A certain amount of christian history follows the same pattern , true , which hides the fact that for political Islam this is mandated.In writing.
(Note The Vikings had a few remarkable successes in both Moslem and Christian parts of Spain far from the frontiers – otherwise mostly they got hacked to pieces by the locals in half an hour as a routine bit of business.)
(So much Reconquest hasn’t happened anywhere else , it irks those of them who are irkable, and they badly want it all back.)
A generation or so after Pelayo his Asturian kingdom moved the capital, for the third or fourth time, into harm’s way in the valley leading from the main invasion route and easiest mountain pass, Oviedo. Also the right place to start a campaign southwards.The Asturian Kingdom (or confederation ? or loose aggregate mess?) was small in the forces it could put into the field and with a lowish population, but had big ideas. They talked one to one with Charlemagne . They raided.but could not hold, Moorish Lisbon. They assembled a sort of government in exile of bishops from all over the moslem occupied peninsula, especially from twixt the Douro and the Tagus. from whence by accident or design they hoovered up the Christian population ( as a way of proclaiming their continuity with Toledo? ). Better not spit in the street in the capital, you might hit a Bishop. They were up to something more than just holding onto their patch or even founding a fancypants empire . However cynically we analyze it now, the fact that (sinfully and imperfectly) they beleived themselves on a mission is hard to gloze over.
Their architecture is small and lowbudget, very, compared to the Pharaonic world class scale of Cordoba but included baths and cute details. They built churches , only a few a re left as they were built.
(The Talibanstyle Marxist newmenmaking in 1934 in Oviedo burnt documents, lots, all of them, from this period , not before some investigation, by clergy, of things like stabling bills and such revealed that the Asturian army, at very least linguistically ,had three wings : Two wings , one each for each of the two romance dialects (and societies ) Gallego and Asturian , and a Basque wing. Corresponding to a polity from the Basques of the bay of Biscay Pyrenees, (and however far southeast along the pyrenees towards the med )( linguistic pockets all the way existed )in the East to the Gallegos on the Atlantic on the West .
Most Spaniards have lost the Catholic faith, lock,stock, and barrel, in great part over a few recent years every bit as much as France Italy or Ireland.
I myself feel unhappy with the idea of armed Christianity. It seems so ……gungho? living by the sword? Earthbound? Incontrovertibly though it is the idea Spaniards (and Portugees) so insufferably had of (one small part of)the faith from about 722, long before other crusades, until yesterday. And some places, such as Melilla, still celebrate Our Lady of Victory as such rather than as Our Lady of the Rosary, and I’ve seldom heard it suggested that she minded.



Spirit of Catalonia by Dr rueta press for link 

Wednesday 2 November 2016

Sunday 8 November 2015

A vanishing feastday , Mike's personal view for NI1 last year etc


5th of November  aka
Bonfire night 
aka Guy Fawkes night 
aka Fireworks night
Click to  one bonfire
Boy with sparkler

I enjoyed Guy Fawkes night as a boy in the 1950s.
It was very like "la noche de San Juan":


bonfire, with an effigy, a "guy" on top, 
A rocket
A " banger" 
fireworks,


 and food......... simple pleasures.

But, more in my day , it was also very different.

 Perhaps 85% of the English live in houses with a garden , or at least a yard , big enough for a bonfire.
Usually, 
it was a family party, at home, but outside.
So
 for several days you had to find  old wood and old furniture, etc to burn. 
Children did this!
Every bonfire had to have a GUY on top to burn.

Guy -making, press for linkto holiday cottages




So 
children made one! In every family!
Very simple :
 you stuffed  old trousers, shirt and/ or jacket with straw or newspaper , 
tied the legs and arms, tied on stuffed gloves and old boots,
 a head and hat were always difficult, so was the face ,
 but the shops sold carboard masks very cheap.
Then you took your guy onto the streets and begged:
"Penny for the Guy"
You got money for some fireworks.Or whatever.












Click for link for a family 5th!-not my family!






5th of november  aka
Bonfire night
aka Guy Fawkes night
aka Fireworks night

The killjoys (mata-alegrias=aguafiestas) and trendies (=progres) have nearly killed this  festivity!  Only public fireworks remain .So American halloween (vomit! ) has been imported to replace it! Child with sparkler:   Prohibit! forbid! Ban! Uncontrolled fun ! Danger! Anarchy! British! unMarxist !Tradition! Racist! Bad!Stop! Immoral!

In my day , the food :
was soup, and  potatoes roasted in the embers (ascuas) - sausages were still a luxury in the fifties!













History:
Go HERE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ux7JvZJbJPU&feature=share&list=LP8iBur54c82s to READ the basic story in simple English.
You need: to plot, a plotter, gunpowder. a cellar= a basement, to set fire to, to go into hiding, to blow up


2. you can check wikipedia in Spanish! Simplest.
3. watch  a satrical viewpoint.Dont worry about all the Vocabulary!





 A  brief history, more formally, below










 Next: fireworks, to a famous popular  piece called "ROYAL FIREWORK MUSIC"
Popular: Remember, Remember
The 5th of November
Gunpowder, Treason and Plot!
"penny for the Guy" click to link for old newsreels


I see no reason
why gunpowder treason
should ever be forgot!





1. Food
Roasting a potato in the embers(ascuas.)
When I was very young, the potatoes were cooked in clay (barro).You mould wet clay around each potato!
Cooking takes hours and hours , often until next year.
The Modern method Aluminium foil = silver paper= papel  albal  IS QUICKER.
(Cooking tip: rub salt and pepper and  butter , or oil, into the potato skin before wrapping in foil)
I am told whole hedgehogs (erizos) cooked in clay, like we used to cook potatoes, in embers are very good.
I don't know!



NOWADAYS
There are sausages, hotdogs, adults have  mulled wine or mulled ale  (= hot wine or beer  with spices )...





Odd notes :
1
There was a slang pair: Guys and dolls
Guys = peleles = tios
Dolls= muñecas = tias

But then the politically correct and the feminists shouted  for years, to  not call  females dolls.....
well , it isn't respectful, true,.....
..... BUT  to keep guy, for girls as well...........
I do NOT like being called guy (ni tio, en cuanto a eso)
Rag dolls
I don't quite see what a lady gains by being a pelele instead of a muñeca.....








2.
" BONFIRE"comes from" bone-fire."
Before Christianty, which buried dead people, many pagan peoples burnt their dead ones.
It was typical in Imperial Rome, for example. Some religions believed it liberated the spirit for reincarnation, etc.
But 
in the British isles it is too wet for easy cremation.
AND
Fresh bodies need a lot of fuel to burn.
Especially one at a time.
However
Rotten bodies are more combustible.
You need LESS fuel
Especially several bodies at the same time
So
 you buried your dead bodies for a few months , then, perhaps once a year, dug them up for a fire together.*

So 
on a bonfire 2000 years ago, you didn't have a guy.
You had aunt Jackie, cousin fred, grannie, sister biliie.........
Fun!



*The  cremation IS certain in prechristian , both Celtic and Roman, BritainThere is so much archeological eveidence that it can be fairly reliably used to plot the dates of the spread of Christianity etc. Check here in eg, The local museum in c/18 near the "corte ingles"
The method of ritual partial defleshing/temporary burial  and subsequent burning is indicated  for the Bronze age Remedello culture in Northern Italy. It is very probable , but not yet absolutely  proven , for the British Isles.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Finally

Difficult texts for NI1 , 
but 
I suggest you try, you probably will need a dictionary:
DON'T worry about every word,
just the general idea!
This first author's memories and opinions are very like mine :
Go to 




Or  READ HERE

James Delingpole

James Delingpole is a writer, journalist and broadcaster who is right about everything. He is the author of numerous fantastically entertaining books, including his most recent work Watermelons: How the Environmentalists are Killing the Planet, Destroying the Economy and Stealing Your Children's Future, also available in the US, and in Australia as Killing the Earth to Save It. His website is www.jamesdelingpole.com.

Wave a sparkler for the back-garden bonfire


Today’s extravaganzas may be dazzling, but they lack the amateur charm of yesteryear
From Tuesday's Daily Telegraph

    Do you remember the good old days when  firework displays were so much more rubbishy than the pyrotechnical extravaganzas we have to endure today? I do – and I miss them greatly. No, really. The shows may have got bigger and better, but Bonfire Night has lost all the charm it had in the era of “penny for the Guy”, cheap rockets and sparklers on your back lawn.

Boy with sparkler

  • Yes, I know kids will find this hard to believe, but there was a time when Bonfire Night was a cosy domestic event, far removed from the current week-long post-Hallowe’en hangover of paganism, noise and begging-with-menaces. It took place on one day and one day only, whose purpose every child in the land knew because of a celebrated rhyme.
  • “Remember, remember the 5th of November. Gunpowder, treason and plot,” it went. Perhaps there was more thereafter – something about “forgot”, maybe? – but rather like with Auld Lang Syne, it was only the opening bit that really mattered. This was a day when a bad man called Guy Fawkes tried to blow up the Houses of Parliament and got caught just in time – with the happy result that, ever after, children were allowed to mark the anniversary by letting off fireworks.
  • We knew he was called Guy Fawkes for at least two reasons. First, schools back then – even the most bog-standard ones – still taught historical facts with names and dates rather than wishy-washy empathy studies of the “You’re an oppressed Victorian washerwoman: how do you feel?” variety. Second, the braver among us would fabricate a giant, rag-doll-like thing out of cloth and stuffing, stand in the street and politely importune passers-by for a “penny for the Guy”.
  • Only a penny? This, you can tell, was in the days before galloping, -induced inflation, in times so innocent that Jimmy Savile was nothing more than an eccentric entertainer who could “fix” exciting things for you on his popular television show.
  • Letting children run around on their own – unlike today’s trick-or-treaters, with their parents hovering yards behind – wasn’t the worst of it. There was also the attitude to ’elf ’n’ safety.(= health and safetey laws ) Sure, there were lots of scary warnings on programmes such as John Craven’s Newsround about the terrible things that might happen if you played with fireworks unsupervised. But there was certainly none of that nonsense you get today – especially at public displays – where spectators are corralled so far from the launch zone that even the bonfire looks little bigger than a match.
  • Not, as a rule, that we went to public displays. Maybe in London they did, but not in the sticks. Bonfire Night was a friends-and-family affair. In the morning, you’d nip with the Responsible Adult (your dad) down to the newsagents to pick up a packet or two of Brock’s finest. Later, you’d trail him round the garden, advising him on where best to stick the Catherine Wheel and nagging him as to when you could light the sparklers, while the grown-ups ate sausages and drank mulled wine.

  • Next thing you knew, it would all be over for another year. And all you’d have to look forward to was going round the garden the next day, retrieving all the burnt-out husks (secretly hoping to find an intact one that Responsible Adult had overlooked) and seeing how far the rockets had travelled.
  • And the fireworks themselves? Shockingly dull by modern standards. About the only real thrill was when they did what they weren’t supposed to do – such as failing to go off, thus providing the amusement of watching Responsible Adult edging towards it as if it were a UXB, or going completely mad, like the Catherine Wheel always did, either by setting fire to the wood to which it was pinned or careering perilously across the lawn. But that was what sparklers were for: waved fast enough and near enough to siblings’ faces, and you could almost imagine yourself into a state of near-excitement.
  • Since then, like most parents of my era, I’ve had to adapt to the modern age. Around Bonfire Night, whether you like it or not, you have to fork out for tickets for the big local event (I live even deeper in the sticks than I did as a child, and there have still been three to choose from) and you have to stand around freezing for hours waiting for the moment when you can go “ooh” and “ah”.
  • And you do go “ooh” and “ah” when eventually the fireworks are launched, because the whole business has got so much more slick and professional and, what with the price of those tickets, a lot of money has gone into that cordite.
  • But though these big events are so much better pyrotechnically, what they’re lacking is the intimacy, bumbling amateurishness, convenience, silliness and innocence of a proper Bonfire Night – nights that appear to be becoming as distant a memory as the name of the Catholic conspirator in whose dishonour they used to be held.
  • .

Now more reading 
The POPE is only burnt, in effigy , in one or two places in the UK

Cristina Odone is the sister of the boy whose story was told in the film Laurences' oil 


Cristina Odone

Cristina Odone is a journalist, novelist and broadcaster specialising in the relationship between society, families and faith. She is a Research Fellow at the Centre for Policy Studies and is a former editor of the Catholic Herald and deputy editor of the New Statesman. She is married and lives in west London with her husband, two stepsons and a daughter. Her new ebook No God Zone is now available on Kindle.

Remember, remember the 5th of November. How could I, a Catholic, forget?


Guy Fawkes, the plotter
Frankly, how could I, or any Catholic, forget. Today is the day when Britons still burn an effigy of the Pope - and do so, joyously, in public.
I first came to Britain in 1979, and promptly fell in love.  Wide-eyed and enthusiastic as only a 17 year old can be, raised on the Brontes, Dickens and Austen, I found romance in every corner of this green and pleasant land. The architecture, the rolling countryside, and oh, those wonderful traditions! Like a needy girlfriend, I desperately wanted to fit in, and worried that my mid-Atlantic accent (a mixture of Italian convent school and American high school) and my preppy clothes would single me out as foreign.
I was wrong. What distinguished me from the great majority of Britons I met was my faith. Being a Catholic marked me out as the "odd one" (my rather obvious nickname at college). I couldn't believe the prejudice I encountered. My first boyfriend's mother warned him that if he married me I would send all his money to Rome, to line the Vatican coffers.  The science teacher at school said he knew why I wasn't doing it for A Level: Catholics didn't believe in evolution. And a classmate who visited my room expressed surprise when she couldn't see a plastic Madonna or a candle in the mould of the bleeding heart of Jesus.
This wasn't Northern Ireland, but north Oxford. I was shocked, saddened – and then repulsed, as I watched a chanting jeering crowd on the telly hold up an effigy of the Pope, only to the set it alight. My beloved, civilised, romantic Britain had a dark streak running through it: anti-Popery.
When I later read history, I understood just how ingrained this bigotry was. Linda Colley's Britons was particularly shattering: we Catholics were the "outlandish" people ready to betray England to the Pope. Our allegiances were suspect, our mission clear: we prayed for the conversion of every Protestant we met.
I had hoped that my adopted homeland would overcome its ancient prejudice. It hasn't: even in 2013, Britons see the 5th of November as a chance to show my "outlandish" community that they hold it in contempt
************************************************************************************************************

Daniel Hannan

Daniel Hannan is a writer and journalist, and has been Conservative MEP for South East England since 1999. He speaks French and Spanish and loves Europe, but believes that the European Union is making its constituent nations poorer, less democratic and less free.

How quickly we have forgotten our sectarian past


Guy Fawkes:" Guy Fawkes 'twas his intent to blow up the King and Parliament…"
I went to a local bonfire over the weekend. It was a damp evening, and there must have been a fair amount of diesel involved but, having an article in the current edition of the Catholic Herald about the non-sectarian nature of modern Guy Fawkes Night, I felt more or less obliged to attend.
Cristina Odone posted a blog the other day about Britain's anti-Catholic tradition, which she was disgusted to see openly celebrated every year on 5 November. Many foreign visitors are, like Cristina, revolted by the whole affair. The British are not a notably spiritual people, yet once a year they appear to revel in a macabre orgy of anti-popery.
Bonfire Night is a big deal in my South East region, which was strong for Puritanism in the sixteenth century and for Parliament in the seventeenth. There are villages in East Sussex and West Kent, in particular, where bonfires are lit throughout October and November, and where all sorts of people are burned in effigy (I remember at least two Tony Blairs).
If you are reading overseas, you may find the whole business distasteful. But if you're British, you'll know that the sectarian origins of the event have long since been lost. I polled the people around the orange sparks in my corner of Hampshire. What, I asked, were we commemorating? Most didn't know: it was simply an annual fireworks display. The few who mentioned Guy Fawkes recalled that he was a terrorist who had wanted to blow up Parliament. One sincerely thought we were celebrating his plot rather than its defeat. No one mentioned religion.
I have no idea of the confessional affiliations (if any) of most the participants. This being England, one obviously doesn't ask. I happened to know in three cases, though. One couple was Catholic, one C of E, and one mixed C of E and Presbyterian. What I can honestly say, having lit bonfires all over my Home Counties region over the past 15 years, is that I've never come across the slightest whiff of sectarianism – and, believe me, I have a finer nose for it than most, being Ulster Catholic on one side and Scottish Presbyterian on the other.
Guy Fawkes Night is vestigial, like an ostrich's wing. It recalls time when the English-speaking peoples defined themselves largely with reference to religion. Throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, first England and then Britain were in a state of semi-permanent war with Spain and France. Perhaps understandably, people tended to think of their nation as having a special mission. Its military victories were seen as providential, part of God's plan for His chosen people.  We bawl out the opening lines of Rule Britannia so often that we barely pause to listen: "When Britain first at Heaven's command arose from out the azure main…"
Americans took this self-definition much further. As John Winthrop told his fellow pilgrims on the Mayflower, they were "entering into a contract and covenant" with God. He had led them to a promised land, and they in exchange must keep themselves undefiled. Among other things, they must guard against what he saw the idolatry and superstition which had taken over, not only Rome, but the only half-reformed Church of England.
Cristina might be interested to know that Guy Fawkes Night was enthusiastically celebrated in the colonies, especially in Massachusetts. It was George Washington who quashed the tradition, concerned that the burning of papal effigies would deter Canadian Catholics from joining the revolution. That episode has been edited from America's collective memory. As the historian J.C.D. Clarke acutely observed, “the virulence and power of popular American anti-Catholicism is the suppressed theme of colonial history.”
The event that probably made the American Revolution inevitable was not the Stamp Act (which was swiftly repealed) but Britain's recognition in 1774 of the traditional rights of the Catholic Church in Quebec. Delegates to the First Continental Congress raged at what they saw as a sickening betrayal:
And by another Act the Dominion of Canada is to be so extended… that by their numbers daily swelling with Catholic emigrants from Europe, and by their devotion to Administration, so friendly to their religion, they might become formidable to us, and on occasion, be fit instruments in the hands of power, to reduce the ancient free Protestant Colonies to the same state of slavery with themselves.
Popular anti-Catholicism, in North America as in Great Britain, was political, not doctrinal. It had little to do with whether you believed in priestly celibacy or praying for the souls of the dead. Rather, English-speaking Protestants tended to suppose – wrongly, as the greatest Whig historian, Lord Macaulay, allowed – that Catholics would ultimately be loyal to a foreign prince.
John Jay, one of the Founding Fathers, who went on to become the first Chief Justice of the United States, argued that his home state of New York should extend full toleration to every sect "except the professors of the religion of the Church of Rome, who ought not to hold lands in, or be admitted to a participation of the civil rights enjoyed by the members of this State, until such a time as they shall most solemnly swear that no pope, priest or foreign authority on earth hath power to absolve the subjects of this State from their allegiance to the same."
John Adams, the second American president, wondered, “Can a free government possibly exist with the Roman Catholic religion?” Thomas Jefferson, the third, believed that Catholicism was inseparable from political authoritarianism: “In every country and in every age, the priest has been hostile to liberty. He is always in alliance with the despot, abetting his abuses in return for protection to his own.”
Of all the chapters in my book, How we Invented Freedom (Inventing Freedom in the U.S. edition), I found this one the most painful to write. The association of Protestantism with national identity led to centuries of institutionalised discrimination and unofficial bigotry. Yet the story ends well.
The US quickly overcame its sectarian origins to become the first state on Earth based on total religious freedom. Britain was slower – not until 1829 were Catholics completely equal in law – but still far ahead of most places. By way of comparison, the Spanish Inquisition was not wound up until 1834.
Attitudes outlast legal changes, and you still occasionally hear anti-Catholic remarks in corners of the Anglosphere: Glasgow, Liverpool, even Toronto. But, in general, you have to go to Northern Ireland to find what used to be widespread across Great Britain, North America and Australia, namely a sense of Protestant identity that doesn't depend upon church attendance.
What changed? Most obviously, we grew up. Sectarianism declined as people realised that their neighbours could disagree with them without threatening their way of life. The association of Catholicism with autocracy and standing armies, once almost universally made, now sounds downright silly. (I recently had the pleasure of discovering the works of the Spanish Jesuit Juan de Mariana, whose Salamanca School was almost as libertarian in its philosophy as Hayek or Rothbard.) As church attendance dwindled, different denominations were thrown together – and have arguably come closer in doctrine: Catholics tend to place rather more emphasis on the Bible than they used to, Protestants on the Eucharist.  While all this was happening, English-speaking Catholics refuted the charge of divided loyalties in the most unarguable way, as a glance at any war memorial will tell you.
It's interesting to observe a parallel debate over Islam today. Once again, prejudice is based, not on doctrinal differences (no one complains of Muslims keeping the fast or praying five times a day), but on fears of split allegiances. British Muslims are learning, as British Catholics once did, that even the most baseless accusations need to be answered patiently and courteously, and that public displays of patriotism are part of the assimilation process.That, though, is for another blog.